Opposites Attract Essay -- Personal Narrative Essays

Opposites Attract    Perhaps we all have the same memory of the first boy-girl party we attended. The floors were waxed, the music loud, the air thick with the smell of cologne. The boys stood on one side of the room and the girls on the other, each affecting a nonchalance belied by the shuffling male loafers and the occasional high birdlike sound of a female giggle.    Eventually, one of the taller, better-looking boys, perhaps dogged by two slightly shorter, squeakier acolytes, would make the big move across the chasm to ask the cutest girl to dance. Eventually, one of the girls would brave the divide to start a conversation on the other side. We would immediately develop a certain opinion of that girl, so that for the rest of our school years together, pajama parties would fairly crackle when she was not there.    None of us would consciously know it then, but what we were seeing, that great empty space in the center of the floor as fearful as a trapdoor, was the great division between the sexes. It was wonderful to think of the time when it would no longer be there, when the school gym would be a great meeting ground in which we would mingle freely, girl and boy, boy and girl, person to person, all alike. And maybe that's going to happen sometime in my lifetime, but I can't say I know when.    I've thought about this for some time, because I've written some loving things about men, and some nasty things too, and I meant them all. And I've always been a feminist, and I've been one of the boys as well, and I've given both sides a pretty good shot. I've spent a lot of time telling myself that men and women are fundamentally alike, mainly in the service of arguing that women... ... we still managed to pick partners and dance. It's the dance that's important not the difference (I shouldn't leave out who leads and who follows. But I speak to that from a strange perspective, since any man who has ever danced with me can attest to the fact that I have never learned to follow.)    I have just met the dance downstairs. My elder son has one of his best friends over, and he does not care that she is a girl and she does not care that he is a boy. But she is complaining that he is chasing her with the plastic spider and making her scream and he is grinning maniacally because that is just exactly the response he is looking for, and they are both having a great time. Two children raised in egalitarian households in the 1980s. Between them the floor already stretches, an ocean to cross before they can dance uneasily in one another's arms.

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As it was mentioned that Mossier will use half of the proceeds from the sale to start a new fund to support socially minded entrepreneurship, and Bin will match his investment and continue the company's one-for-one shoe give away policy. The business has recently expanded beyond producing shoes, aware and coffee in Toms product lines- all with the same one for one theme. For every pair of eyeglasses purchased, Toms will help give sight to a person in need. For each bag of coffee beans sold a person will get clean water for a week.Tom's model is perfectly crafted for millennial consumers who wants to feel good about their purchases but needs a clear, simple and tangible means Of understanding the social purpose of the company through point-of-purchase marketing. Hence, it is evident that millennial are Toms' target demographic that are becoming social entrepreneurs in a big way too to make their own impact and for those who are with social missions, this development is a good step for ward to show that social entrepreneurship can do good and do well simultaneously. Document It is a pleasure to be here today and be part of such a distinguished panel. What I'd like to do in the time allotted is to share some thoughts on the influence of technology on learning in high schools. But first let me make clear what I'm talking about. The technology that is shaping our future and our children's is not, as many assume, the computer. These machines have been with us for decades and now, with their advanced multimedia capability, they deserve considerable credit for enhancing learning among people of all ages. But I propose that there is an even greater technology on the rise.I am speaking about the new and emerging forms of interactive communications, such as the Internet, that allow us to capitalize on our greatest learning resource -? the minds of people all over the globe. We are just beginning to experience the impact of this connection of people to people, and can only guess how transforming its effects will be in the coming years. I also contend, however, tha t if we make the right choices now, we can substantially change for the better how we and our children learn, and more important, how the young people of today and generations to come are taught to learn.To succeed at that task requires a concerted and coordinated effort -? a partnership if you will -? among our families, schools, youth organizations, and communities say that because I am mindful that technology itself is never the reason things change. Rather, it is how people choose to apply technology and whether they make wise decisions and address real needs that makes the difference in the long. There is a quote learned and here I quote: The real power of interactive communications is people as the ultimate source of knowledge.It is not the computers, the physical mass of wires, the complex of networks or the vast databases of information. Rather, it is people and their knowledge, relationships, insights, and spirit freely passed from one to another that engender the â€Å"ma gic† the Internet is making possible. Today, of this interconnected world that the fundamental question is whether we will share this â€Å"magic† with everyone , or only a privileged few. The answer depends on the decisions we aka and the actions we take from this moment on.We must come to understand that access to the Internet needs to be a reality for all our citizens, that the free and unrestricted flow of information and the ready availability of computers for everyone are not simply matters of â€Å"technology. † They are, in fact, one of the vital keys that will either open or lock the doors of opportunity for our children and ourselves. It is within our power to determine whether this generation is to experience the rewards of silverberry, a higher quality of fife, and a renewed sense of community that derive from an interactive sharing of information and knowledge.If we make that leap, and ensure that every citizen has access to the Internet and the chan ce to learn the skills to apply these new technologies for personal advancement as well as the common good, America will make a successful transition to the millennium. If we fail, We may leave a legacy smaller than Our own inheritance. We can get Involved with the New Technologies. Make it a priority. I imagine that getting access to networked computers and finding opportunities for practice and training on the Internet may not be easy for many of you.Investigate local community centers, nonprofit organizations, even corporations, who sometimes make space and courses available to the public. Or you might consider buying a recycled computer. Ask around. But don't give up. Because once you have experienced what I'm talking about -? instant access to information you can use and people with shared interests you'll begin to understand the power of this communications revolution. My friends experience demonstrate to me that, the Internet is a rueful tool for invigorating real communities , not just for building virtual ones.Charlotte Web's success in using communications technology to enrich the lives of an entire region, including the undeserved, so that everyone can participate more fully in community life, should inspire other cities and regions to embark on similar ventures. As a bright woman once told us, we need to ensure our children a head start in a difficult and forbidding world. Document The concert was phenomenal. I was an amazed by how Dry. Cure Ragman skills at playing the piano very agile as if he has been playing all his life. He played pieces by List, Suck, Rachmaninoff, and Chopin. Dry. Ragman played with an allegro style of playing in my opinion even when he had to stop playing in the beginning a note cause he sensed one of the microphones wasn't on.The first piece of music he played had an allegro tempo than slow turned and had a allegretto tempo to the piece he played by Franz List called Transcendental Statutes Harmonies du coir (Evening Harmonies). After the first performance Dry. Ragman thanked us for being a good audience. Spring by Josef suck started with a cheerful melody more relaxing as it started with an adagio tempo. Document The concert was phenomenal. I was an amazed by how Dry. Cure Ragman skills at playing the piano very agile as if he has been playing all his life. He played pieces by List, Suck, Rachmaninoff, and Chopin. Dry. Ragman played with an allegro style of playing in my opinion even when he had to stop playing in the beginning a note cause he sensed one of the microphones wasn't on.The first piece of music he played had an allegro tempo than slow turned and had a allegretto tempo to the piece he played by Franz List called Transcendental Statutes Harmonies du coir (Evening Harmonies). After the first performance Dry. Ragman thanked us for being a good audience. Spring by Josef suck started with a cheerful melody more relaxing as it started with an adagio tempo.

Theme of Cultural Transition - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2231 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Abstract The theme of cultural transition is well portrayed throughout the two books; Things Fall Apart and The Lion and The Jewel. On the other hand, the elements of change in both books defer, as in Things Fall Apart, what brings the change originates from the outside, that is, the missionaries; while Lakunle acts as the element of change from inside the community. Lakunle understands the customs, and he even grew up practicing them, but after he comes into contact with the outside world, his views are changed. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Theme of Cultural Transition" essay for you Create order The cultural transition is seen when Lakunle tries to oppose the custom of bride price and calls it uncivilized. He tries to win Sidi’s love using the tactics he has learned from the modernized world but fails terribly. The missionaries in Okonkwo case also seek to change the ways of the people, they introduce formal education and try to bring civilization to Umofia. Their efforts are derailed when Okonkwo opposes them and kills one of their messengers. Conflict is also in both stories; Lakunle fight against the community’s customs is a sign of conflict. Baroka Sidi and the rest of Ilunjule village are traditionists who are uneducated who conflicts with the educated Lakunle a school teacher educated and influenced by the western culture. In the play, The Lion and the Jewel tradition wins against modernity which is evidence by Sidi marrying the traditional chief. The issue of the bride price causes Lakunle to be considered as the village fool. He also fights alone as no one else in the community is willing to share his views; not even his beloved Sidi. Where there is a conflict there is bound to be consequences, in Okonkwo case, his conflict with the missionaries resulted in death and feelings of betrayal. This paper will discuss the various instances where both the jewel and the lion and things fall apart portray the theme of cultural change and theme of conflict. Introduction Change and conflict go hand in hand; especially in a place where what is being changed has been there for a long time. Culture is collectiveness of behaviours acquired by a member of a given group or community. Thus culture is the practices, social behaviour, and beliefs of a given community. In the books we are looking at cultural conflict is shown between the modern and traditional cultures. Cultural transition in both The Lion and The Jewel and Things Fall Apart is eminent as portrayed in the characters of both Lakunle and Okonkwo. Both characters try to bring change to their environment; Okonkwo tries to fight against cultural change while Lakunle is for the change. Cultural African practices were regarded to be sacred, and anything or anyone that interfered with them was considered to be an enemy of the community. The cultural beliefs that the African communities held were believed to hold a certain purpose, and they were what united them with their ancestors. Common belief and practice also symbolized a sense of unity, and it was rare for individuals to separate themselves from this kind of life. For those that managed to separate themselves, they came back and shook these foundations and were regarded with suspicion and even considered to be fools or slaves of the colonists. Conflict is said to be the disagreement between individuals or ideas. In the case of our study conflict can be defined as the clash or disagreement of cultures. Culture is a unique phenomenon cherished and protected dearly by a given community. The two books; the Jewel and Lion and Things Fall Apart show how African cultures are subjected to imposition and displacement by the western culture. Whenever there is change conflict comes long for instance in the case of Lakunle, Lakunle a school teacher feels that he is modernized than any other person in the village. Thus he is not ready to pay the bride price and take Sidi as his wife. Sidi, on the other hand, does not agree with Lakunle she feels that when she accepts to be married by him without the bride price, the village people will be against her. Later on, Sidi is married to the traditional chief and leave Lakunle who is considered a fool by the village people and face opposition from them.   The piece shows that in the instance of change there exist disagreement of given ideas. Body Confronted with complications Lakunle is not convincingly representing the modern ideas as he claims. It is evidence that he misunderstands the modern books he reads and the cultural beliefs. For instance, Lakunle tell Sidi that she has a small brain, meaning women brains are deemed to the smaller and dysfunctional compared to the males brains. His thinking on the women brain capacity is dictated by the traditional belief in his community while he calls himself civilized while in the civilized community everyone is equal be it a man of women. Lakunle is also full of fascinations of the superficial modern way of life, for example, the dances, and ballroom and night clubs, showing that he believes in half-baked ideas that justify his actions of refusing to pay the bride price to Sidi. Baroka the 62-year-old chief oppose development brought about by the white people, he believes that the development destroys the way people live. On the other hand, he feels that he should learn a thing from Lakunle as well as Lakunle learn from him. In the Things Fall Apart we see Okonkwo confronted by complications due to cultural conflicts presented by the white men. After he leaves to exile, the white men were able to thrive and to spread their gospel in the village. When he came back, he meets a different community in which he is unable to live in. Everyone including his son had converted to Christianity. Due to his strong belief in the traditional culture, he chooses to die rather than complying with the white men. The role of women in two texts Women in both Things Fall Apart, and The Lion and The Jewel are considered to be man’s property. They can be purchased and accumulated to man’s wealth. Their only role is to get married and have children. In things Fall Apart Okonkwo acquires many wives who he expects to bear many children to promote his legacy in the community and rival that of his father who he regarded as a failure (Achebe, 13). Baroka on the other hand in the Lion and The Jewel acquires wives to promote his status in the community (Soyinka, 4). He is surprised that in five full months he has not acquired a wife, meaning he considered wives to be an addition to his vast wealth. Lakunle undermines the tradition of purchasing a woman by proposing to Sidi and telling her he will marry her without paying the bride price. In this case, the tradition of paying the bride price is condemned by Lakunle while Baroka embraces it and win Sidi. Women are not supposed to make key decisions in the society, but with modernity, women take roles which there were not supposed to like the harvesting of yams in Thing fall apart. We also see Sidi admiring her picture in the magazine and feels that she deserved better men from outside world since she is being seen by people in the western world. She is held up by the culture and even fails to marry Lakunle a modernized man since he does not want to follow the culture by paying the bride price.   The role of chief in two texts In The Lion and the Jewel, Baroka is the chief, and he represents traditional norms and customs. He stands against any foreign change such as the building of railroad near his village. He agrees with the rail contractors signs a letter that states that the village soil is unfit to support the train engine. He does this so that the rail can be moved away from the village. Being a staunch traditionalist, he understands that the presence of rail in the village will lead to penetration of more white who will change the village people culture to western culture.   He promotes the paying of bride price that is why Sidi prefers him to the modernized Lakunle (Soyinka, 6). In Things Fall Apart, the chief also represents the community customs and also moral authority. He struggles with the new political and religious orders introduced by colonialism which he terms as unmanly and feels that he will betray the community if he complies with the new ways. Okonkwo condemns cultural change since h e fears losing social status. After coming from exile, he is unable to adapt to the colonizer way of life which leads to his suicide. Although his stand is not as rigid as that of Baroka in the face of the British Colonists; he maintains law and order in the community. Contexts colonial versus city/technology/modernity In both texts, any change that is introduced by either colonist or modernity is met with resistance. Okonkwo opposes anything that is related to the British administration. Such that when he returned from exile, he could not tolerate the colonizers way of life and ended up taking his life (Achebe, 58). Baroka resists any form of development pioneered by the colonialists, for example, he rejects the construction of the railway line, saying that the soil along the village is fragile and cannot sustain the weight of the engine. Lakunle, on the other hand, a modernized school teacher tries to modernize his community by changing the rule of the bride price. He faces rejection from Sidi and the entire village for going against the culture that dictates marriage rules in the community. He also wishes for construction of motor roads and railroads. His desires and conversations are met with less enthusiasm than he had expected. Cultural values/impacts/reaction Cultural values are highly upheld in both texts, and that is why any threat towards these values is met with negative reaction. Baroka is a staunch traditionalist that is why he enjoys being a polygamist and does not tolerate the introduction of the modern railroad (Soyinka, 4). He also uses traditional knowledge and practices to win Sidi unlike Lakunle who denounce the cultural practice of paying the bride pride price. Lakunle support modernization he wishes that railroads were built in the village which never happened due to the highly upheld cultural values. Lakunle does not understand why the community promotes backwardness and choose to stay in darkness. He tries to change the cultural values, but he fails terribly. Okonkwo seems like the only one still concerned with the Umuofia’s cultural values. He denies the white men entry into the village and strongly refused their cultural value to be changed especially in the context of religion. He also sent away anyone who compl ied with the white men and considered as an outcast in the community. His reactions, although meant to maintain stability, causes a lot of instability in the community that causes Okonkwo to take his life. Education and religion/tradition The educated people in the two books seek to spread the modern ideas to the uneducated people who believe in their old ways of life. They preach out their knowledge with the aim of changing the tribal people to modern ways. Education is strongly rejected by the traditional people who do not see any good the education can offer to them in sustaining their daily lives. Lakunle is the educated person in the village he is rejected by the people in the village due to his modernized way. The rejection is portrayed by the way he dresses and talks to Sidi. He is also considered a fool by the village people when he refuses to pay the bride price to Sidi and loses her to chief Baroka. Sidi is also not willing to be associated with Lakunle due to his modernized behaviours which do not respect their culture. In the things fall apart the colonization is mostly addressed religiously unlike the Lion and the Jewel. The whites condemn the traditional people religion where they tell them that their gods are evil and cannot help them since they direct them to kill and discriminate innocent people. They introduce their God whom they believe takes care of them and is just and good to all. The traditional people reject their religion and fight against it lead by Igbo. After Okonkwo come from exile, he finds a changed community where everyone has turned to the white man’s way. He finds that some churches have been built together with schools. To his surprise, he finds that even his son has converted to Christianity. His staunch belief in the traditional way of life make him feel out of place, he cannot put up with the new ways and eventually commit suicide. Conclusion The two books prominently discuss the theme of culture clash as a result of rapid modernization brought about by the colonial people. Culture transition is highly advocated by the white people who want to see the last outdated African culture in the featured communities. On the other hand, Africans fights any change advocated by the white people. They feel that they have a rich culture and they should preserve it. Conflict arises when the two culture meet since each side wants to stand by culture and beliefs.

What is formulation, as used in clinical psychology practice, and how does it differ from diagnosis Free Essay Example, 1000 words

The approach is more effective since the mental development of an individual easily manifests in their behavior. Observing inconsistencies in the behaviors of a patient is easier and helps expedite the case formulation process (DeLamater & Myers, 2011). Rosenberg & Turner (1990) explain that during the consultative case formulation processes, the clinicians must understand that the patient may pose threat to them and must therefore exhibit caution while interacting with such characters. Additionally, the clinicians must understand the impact of others on self, personal prejudices and the importance of diversity (Engel, 1977). As discussed earlier, the patients exhibit a degree of difference depending on the nature of their psychological condition and the degree of infection. Using past experience may prove fundamental but thee clinician must desist from making similar decisions without analyzing the diversity presented by a different patient (Crisp & Turner, 2010). The training and experience should help practitioners develop consistent case formulation. The formulations may vary depending on the theory a clinician chooses in a particular case evaluation. This compels their use of particular theories that best befit the state of the patient. We will write a custom essay sample on What is formulation, as used in clinical psychology practice, and how does it differ from diagnosis or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Despite the difference in the theories, case formulation serves to unify patient’s information thereby eliminating any inconsistencies in the details used in the treatment of the patients (Grimm, Pianta & Konold, 2009). This way, case formulation will help improve the relationship between the patients and their doctors thereby facilitating the treatment processes. An effective case formulation should result in effective treatment since such identifies the psychological problems as exhibited in the patient’s behavioral patterns (Grisso & Steinberg, 2005). The two applicable approaches to case formulation include cognitive and cognitive-behavioral approaches both of which have particular relevance in the practice. Just as the name suggests, cognitive approach investigates the ability of a patient to remember occurrences. This makes the process extremely interactive as the doctor engages the patient in discussions with the view of determ ining both inconsistencies and contradictions. Flaherty (2008) explains that the doctor may begin with such simple questions as the name of the patient and the names of his or her family members. The process heightens thereafter as the doctor begins investigating and asking more serious questions that help test the mental alertness of the patents.

The, By Maureen O Connell And What Is Social Imaginary

In a community where enthocentrism is a prominent issue, the realization of its harm is greatly overlooked in many cases. This is very prominent when dealing with the unification of two people practicing the same religion but coming from different cultural backgrounds. An issue recently presented itself when two Muslims wanted to get married but their different cultural backgrounds created an obstacle for them. In Islam, it is decreed that a Muslim may marry another Muslim, regardless of their ethnicity or cultural backgrounds. This specific community, the families of both Muslims are in disagreement with the marriage due to their differences in cultural backgrounds. Using the scared texts Compassion and Politically Dangerous Discipleship by Maureen O’Connell and What is Social Imaginary by Charles Taylor, the community can look at the ideas presented about compassion/desire and common good in relation to social imaginaries that may be upheld within a community. Maureen O†™Connell provides ample information concerning the idea of passion in the sacred text Compassion and Politically Dangerous Discipleship. O’Connell presents us with the philosophy studied by Augustine of Hippo. Augustine essentially emphasized the spirit over the body. In fact, On Christian Doctrine, Augustine argues that the â€Å"counsel of compassion† natures a particular kind of wisdom that enables compassionate people to see God more clearly and love God more fully (O’Connell, 73-74). Through compassion,

Cost Sheet Free Essays

We take this opportunity to thank Prof Jayesh Jain for giving us an insight , his valuable advice , timely suggestions and constant support throughout the project. We would also like to thank Mr. Raj Raut who is into the ice-cream business for the valuable information that he shared with us ,which proved to be very helpful while preparing the project ABSTRACT This project report is prepared to study the cost analysis of Amul ice cream and to formulate the cost sheet to find the per unit cost of a single Amul ice cream cup of 100 gm(fruit and nut). We will write a custom essay sample on Cost Sheet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our colleagues uncle also helped us in finding the various cost involved in manufacturing ice cream and we also got information from www. amulicecream. in.OVERVIEW OF ICE-CREAM INDUSTRY History:- The ice cream industry is mainly governed by the prevention of food and adulteration act (PFA)-1954 in India. The ice cream market growth picked up after de-reservation of the sector in 1997. History of Indian ice-cream industry is very old started in un-organized sector and mainly the popular product was kulfi. New technologies and freezers are the main force behind the development. Future is bright for ice-cream industry in India. Production –area:- In rural areas, kulfis / ice creams made by small / cottage industry are popular. The market for organized sector is restricted to large metropolitan cities.In small towns and villages, there are thousands of small players who produce ice- creams / kulfis in their home backyard and cater to the local market. Almost 40% of the ice creams sold in the country are consumed in the western region with Mumbai being the main market, followed by 30% in the north and 20% in the south. Industry Snapshot:- †¢ Market Size – 1200 Crores †¢ Ice Cream market is growing at 26% (yoy) Major players:- 1. Amul – Market Leader with share of 36% 2. HLL – Kwality Walls – 2nd biggest player 3. Mother Diary 4. Arun – Chennai Based Hatsun Agro Product Few Brands/ Target Consumers 1. Youth Centric – Chillz 2. Kids – Moo 3. Teenagers – Cornetto 4. Health Conscious – Amul Sugarfree Pro-Life Future of Ice Cream Market in India:-Ice Cream market will expand with increase in number of malls. Also companies like – HLL has been increasing their ice cream outlets – Swirl. Few years ago consumers use to go out for walk after dinner and use to buy ice creams from hawkers. But now consumer who often visit malls for entertainment prefers to buy ice creams during different times of the day as it is visible upfront and feel like spending Rs. 50 for that tasty chocolate swirl with cake and nuts. As marketers are understanding the different needs of consumers, be it health conscious people- (Amul sugar free and pro-life ice-cream) , kids, youngsters, etc, and are coming up with products specific for them. with portfolio of flavors, consumer today has plethora of options at hand to choose from and therefore high probability of buying one more scoop of ice cream. Also with increasing wallet size and innovative modern retail formats, it has definitely given a Philip to the ice cream industry in India. About the company Amul [pic] Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation:- Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) is India’s largest food products marketing organization. It is a state level apex body of milk cooperatives in Gujarat which aims to provide remunerative returns to the farmers and also serve the interest of consumers by providing quality products which are good value for money. Some statistics about the company:- The Turnover of Amul was Rs. 52. 55 billion in 2007-08. Members: |13 district cooperative milk producers’ Union | | |2. 7 million | |No. of Producer Members: | | |No. of Village Societies: |13,141 | |Total Milk handling capacity: |10. 21 million liters per day | |Milk collection (Total – 2007-08): |2. 69 billion liters | |Milk collection (Daily Average 2007-08): |7. million liters | |Milk Drying Capacity: |626 Mts. per day | |Cattle feed manufacturing Capacity: |3090 Mts per day | AMUL –the brand:- Amul -the age old brand brand belongs to (GCMMF). AMUL means â€Å"priceless† in Sanskrit. The brand name â€Å"Amul,† comes from the Sanskrit word â€Å"Amoolya,† and was suggested by a quality control expert in Anand. Today Amul is a symbol of many things. Of high-quality products sold at reasonable prices. Of the genesis of a vast co-operative network.Of the triumph of indigenous technology. Of the marketing savvy of a farmers’ organization. And of a proven model for dairy development. Various products under the brand name Amul :- Amul products have been in use in millions of homes since 1946. †¢ Amul Butter, †¢ Amul Milk Powder, †¢ Amul Ghee, †¢ Amul Cheese, †¢ Amul Chocolates, †¢ Amul Shrikhand, †¢ Amul Ice creams, †¢ Nutramul, Amul Milk and †¢ Amulya have made Amul a leading food brand in India. Some facts about the Amul ice cream:- †¢ Amul Ice Cream was launched on 10th March, 1996 in Gujarat. †¢ The portfolio consisted of impulse products like sticks, cones, cups as well as take home packs and institutional/catering packs. In 1997, Amul ice creams entered Mumbai followed by Chennai in 1998 and Kolkata and Delhi in 2002. Nationally it was rolled out across the country in 1999. †¢ Has combated competition like Walls, Mother Dairy and achieved the No 1 position in the country. This position was achieved in 2001 and it has continued to remain at the top.†¢ Today the market share of Amul ice cream is 38% share against the 9% market share of HLL, thus making it 4 times larger than its closest competitor. †¢ Amul’s entry into ice creams is regarded as successful due to the large market share it was able to capture within a short period of time – due to price differential, quality of products and of course the brand name. Ice cream range:- Royal Treat Range – (Butterscotch, Rajbhog, Malai Kulfi †¢ Nut-o-Mania Range (Kaju Draksh, Kesar Pista Royale, Fruit Bonanza, Roasted Almond) †¢ Royal Treat Range – (Butterscotch, Rajbhog, Malai Kulfi) †¢ Nut-o-Mania Range – (Kaju Draksh, Kesar Pista Royale, Fruit Bonanza, Roasted Almond) †¢ Nature’s Treat – (Alphanso Mango, Fresh Litchi, Shahi Anjir, Fresh Strawberry, Black Currant, Santra Mantra, Fresh Pineapple) †¢ Sundae Range- (Mango, Black Currant, Sundae Magic, Double Sundae) †¢ Assorted Treat – (Choco bar, Dollies, Frostik, Ice Candies, Tricone, Choco crunch, Megabite, Cassatta) †¢ Utterly Delicious – (Vanilla, Strawberry, Chocolate, Chocochips, Cake Magic) ost sheet analysis Direct Cost : | Direct materials | | | |To manufacture one ice cream cup below are the components or raw materials required with their unit cost : | Dry Fruits – 3 % Milk – 70% Flavours – 5 % Other ingredients – 4 % Sugar – 16 % Cup – 2 % 1) Direct Labour : There are 17 workers employed in the production of the ice cream and each worker is paid Rs 2000 per month . 2) Direct Costs or expenses :The direct cost includes costs incurred in bringing the raw materials into the factory ie. Carriage inward. The raw materials are purchased every month and costs involved for carriage are Rs 1840. Indirect Costs: 1) Factory Overheads: The Factory Overheads includes the indirect labour, factory rent, insurance and depreciation on machinery, power, factory supervisor’s salary ,packing material, ware house expenses and other factory expenses. †¢ Indirect labour : This includes 3 sweepers whose average salaries are Rs. 1000 each. †¢ Insurance: The total insurance amount is Rs 15000. †¢ Break up of the total insurance amount for Machinery – 1200000 Land – 500000(1000 sq. ft. * Rs. 500 per sq. ft. ) †¢ Depreciation on machinery : There are 6 machines in the factory ,one machine is used for making ice creams which is Boiler and other are Refrigerators . The cost of Boiler is Rs 300000 and Refrigerators are worth of Rs. 900000. The depreciation method followed is SLM @ 7%. †¢ Power Fuel: The monthly average cost of power consumption of the factory is Rs 42375. †¢ Supervisor’s salary : The factory has 2 supervisors and salary of each supervisor is Rs 2500. †¢ Cost of maintenance : oiling and cleaning of machinery and other miscellaneous expences for maintainance. 2) Office and administration overheads:-Office and administration overheads include office rent, salary to staff, office and general expenses, printing and stationary, telephone expenses, electricity and lightings †¢ Office rent: The per sq. ft rate of the Office is Rs 18. The area of the factory is 300 sq. ft. †¢ Salary to staff : the office staff has three employees. A peon, clerk and an Accountant and the salaries are Rs 800, Rs 2200 and Rs 4000 respectively. †¢ Office and general expenses: This comprise refreshments(tea and snacks). †¢ Telephone Expenses:- Calls made by the staff members. †¢ Electricity and lightings:- It consists of office lighting and air conditioning expenses. 3) Sales and distribution overheads:- Sales Commission : As a part of encouragement for sales people ,they are given commission of 2. 5 % of the total sales done by them. †¢ Discount allowed : To attract retailer to buy the product they are offered a discount of 5% on the selling price. †¢ Salary of salesmen : The company has 5 sales persons and they are paid a salary of Rs 3500 each per month. †¢ Carriage outward: To carry the finished goods to the whole sellers , the transportations charge per unit/product is set as Re 1. 24. Assumptions : †¢ The company produces only one product †¢ All raw materials consumed in production of ice cream †¢ The production and sales units are same. †¢ In Valuation of plant, the rate per square feet has been assumed at Rs. 00. †¢ We gave a discount to retailer on 450000 units on bulk purchase. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS: The amul ice-creams brand is one of the the top 3 brands . As it’s an Indian brand its popular as a family brand. Its available in all metropolitan cities and is in the reach of middleclass above middleclass . Its available in many flavours and most of these are Indian flavours –liked by Indians. They are available in various sizes. They are available in reasonable prices. They have launched brands such as sugar free probiotic ice-creams. There are many premium varieties. It’s got good food energy value i. e calories per 100ml-196. 7. WEAKNESS:The durability of amul ice-creams is not really good, it melts very soon. It does not have many outlet centers. Not a famous brand among youngsters who are the main customers of ice-cream. OPPORTUNITIES: They can come up with new flavours which would be able to attract the youth .They should not restrict themselves to departmental stores infact come with new luxury brands which can be available in hotels and they should come up with their own ice-cream parlours. They should focus more on their advertising and marketing strategies. They should use a strategy similar to what they used in case of butter (Utly butterly girl ). They should come up with offers for purchase of ice-cream in whole market .Offers should run all throughout the year; not only in winters. There should emphasis for special occasions. THREATS : The biggest threat for amul ice-cream industry would be its competitors. Its ranked 3rd in the Indian market . It faces tough competition from the unorganized sector as well. A slight change in the price of the ice-cream would shift its customers to another brand. Foreign players like Baskin- Robbins entering Indian market with new premium brands at feasible prices. [pic] Bibliography www. amulicecream. in www. google. co. in Annual report of Amul Cost accounting and financial management-Ravi kishore –edition 5 ———————– THREATS OPPORTUNITIES WEAKNESS STRENGTHS How to cite Cost Sheet, Papers

Opportunity Analysis for FORD

Question: Discuss abut the Report of Opportunity Analysis for FORD. Answer: Introduction in this assignment, a market plan for the company Ford has been developed. In this part of the assignment, various analyses have been done on the company Ford like macro environmental analysis (PESTL) and micro environmental analysis (company analysis, competitor analysis and SWOT analysis). Depending on the outcomes, the marketing objective of the company has been developed (SMART objective). Company Background . The Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational carmaker. The company headquarter is located in Dearborn, Michigan (Sha, Huang Gabardi, 2013). The key products of the company are such as Luxury Vehicles, automotive parts and Commercial Vehicles. Main service of the company are like Automotive finance, Vehicle leasing and vehicle service. The total revenue of the company is approximately US$ 149.5 billion until 2015 (Khanna Palepu, 2013). There are more than 199,000 employees are working in the company. . Henry Ford founded the company on November 2, 1901. At first the company was known by its owner name Henry Ford. In the year of 1902, it became Cadaillac Motor Company (Abdulsater et al., 2014). Between 1903 and 1908 the company had produced Model A, B, C, F, K, N, R and S. In the year of 1908 the company had produced one of its mass-produced car Model T. The model Ford Mustang was produced in the year of 1964 (Hawken et al., 2013). In the year of 1965 the company introduced seat belt and reminder light. Presently the company is one of the most renowned car manufacturers globally. Situation Analysis Market Analysis From a survey analysis, it has been found that there are more than 73 million vehicles during the year of 2015 (Propfe et al., 2013). China and United States are counted as the largest automobile markets globally. United States has become one of the key players of the automotive market when the company Ford introduced a mass-manufactured car Model-T (Hamel Breen, 2013). Currently the most popular car model is Ford Focus. It was recognized as the car of the year globally. The top 5 car models in term of revenue are Volkswagen, Toyota, Daimler, General Motors and Ford. From survey analysis, it has been found that international car sale per year is 72.37 million (Bohnsack, Pinkse Kolk, 2014). Macro Environment Analysis Political Analysis Technical innovation is highly supported by government (Opportunity). The company can use the governmental incentives to improve its activities like innovation, sustainability and development government friendly products. The company has the opportunity to expand its business operation depending on the trade agreements (Bergek et al., 2013). (Opportunity) In developing countries like U.S. and China, the governments have increased their effort to improve infrastructure (Opportunity). Economic Analysis The company has the opportunity to increase its market depending in U.S. It can utilize the slow but steady growth of the economic condition of the company (Chevalier Mayzlin, 2012). The company can use the high growth rate of other developing countries like China and expand its market. Strengthening of U.S. dollar is a major economic threat for the company. As Hawkins Gausen and Strmman (2012) stated that, most of the raw materials for the company Ford are produced in United states due to the government support. However that company needs to increase its business efficiency in order to maximize its business opportunity foreign market. Social Analysis As Hamel and Breen (2013) mentioned that, peoples are becoming more interested towards electric and hybrid cars. Ford can take this opportunity and attract new segments of customers. The company also has the opportunity to improve its customer service. However, the increase of wealth gap between people can act as both threat and opportunity for the company (De Mooij, 2013). The intensive growth strategy of the company needs to emphasize on product innovation so that it can satisfy all the preferences of customers. . Technological Analysis Increase of mobile computing is an external factor that can create opportunity for the company to increase its mobile marketing activity (Fleming, 2013). The company has the opportunity to improve its business performance with the help of online fulfillment services. For instance, the parts of Ford cars can be delivered to the customers with the help of these fulfillment services (Hamel Breen, 2013). However, Hardman Shiu and Steinberger-Wilckens (2015) stated that limited availability of alternative fuel stations is a major threat for the company Ford as the company is developing more hybrid cars and electric cars recently. Legal Analysis The company Ford can improve the sustainability by addressing the environmental protection regulation. As Hawkins Gausen and Strmman (2012) mentioned that, the company can enhance its product design in order to take the opportunity of the safety regulation. Increase of intellectual property laws can improve the macro environment for the company. Micro Environment Analysis Company Analysis Ford develops cars that are affordable and reliable (Chevalier Mayzlin, 2012). The company has strong internet presence. There are more than 199,000 people works in the company. They buy Ford cars.. The company has issues related with labor union. Work is dangerous, low-skilled, boring and created low morale (Sha, Huang Gabardi, 2013). In the company, women can get bonus only if they are single. Men can get bonus only if their wife do not work. The company Ford has strong brand recognition. It has the maximum profit per unit of car selling in U.S. market. However, the company is presently facing intense competition from companies such as like Honda, Toyota and Nissan. Competitor Analysis The four major competitors of the company are such as GM, Toyota, Chrysler and Honda. Point of Similarities (POS): Both the company GM and Ford were founded during the same period. Ford was founded on 1906, on the contrary GM was founded on 1908 (Fleming, 2013). Both the companies have strong history. Chrysler, Ford and GM have headquarters in Michigan, USA. All of these companies are mainly U.S. market centered. Point of Differences (POD): The major difference between the companies is related with core competencies. As Chevalier and Mayzlin (2012) stated that GM mainly focuses on innovation in technology and service. Toyota focuses on total quality management (TQM). On the contrary Ford focuses on innovation in safety, technology and design. Competitive market Summary Competitor Target Market Positioning Product line Price (USD) Promotional Distribution GM Young Adults Stylist and affordable Escalade, CTS-V, XTS crossover 13300- 17420 Magazines, TV, internet All USA Toyota Young Adults Sporty and High-tech Yaris Sedan 3 Door Hatch 5 door Hatch 12900 - 13700 Internet cable TV, Syndicate spot TV All USA Chrysler Young Adults High quality and fuel efficient 14100- 17400 All media All USA Honda Young Adults Urban Sporty Fit sport Fit sport w/Nav 14100- 19240 Network, internet, TV All USA Figure 1: Competitive market summary (Source: Chevalier and Mayzlin 2012) Consumer Analysis Mainly young peoples and ladies like to buy Ford cars (Fleming, 2013). Young people who belong to the age group of 20-25 years of age with average income can afford to purchase cars of Ford. They mainly like to buy some specific models of Ford such as Ford Fiesta and Ford Focus (Sha, Huang Gabardi, 2013). Some young males also like have a Ford Mustang in their garage. They mainly like to purchase car offline. These types of models are liked by most of the young age people as these cars have only 5 seats (Hamel Breen, 2013). These types of car are not for big size family. In addition, all these models are available at an affordable price. SWOT Analysis Strength Ford is the second largest industrial corporation in the world. The company has more than $144 billion revenue. The company has strong history (Fleming, 2013). Ford already has strong internet presence. Ford has most profit per vehicle compare to other car makers in U.S. Weakness Overcapacity is the major weakness of the company. As Hamel Breen (2013) stated that, the IT knowledge is low in the lower tier of the supply chain of Ford. Poor forecasting of demand Average delivery time is higher (45 to 65 days) Opportunities The company has 2000 restructuring plan. Ford has the opportunity to improve its global presence. The company can improve its internet presence. Ford should try to improve its retail network. As Chevalier and Mayzlin (2012) stated that, Ford dealers should stop competing with each other within a specific region. Threats Increase in competition with foreign car making companies like Honda, Toyota and Nissan (Sha, Huang Gabardi, 2013). As Fleming (2013) stated that, presently developing countries focus on manufacturing their own automobiles. Presently smaller companies with fewer assets have greater market capitalization than Ford. Figure 2: SWOT analysis of the company Ford (Source: Fleming, 2013) Objectives Marketing Objectives The major marketing objective of the company is to develop new products like (electric cars) that customers want and give value. Specific Due to environmental issues, peoples are becoming more inclined towards hybrid and electric car. Measurable Development of electric cars will increase the revenue flow for the company Ford. Attainable The company has access to all required resources for this project. Hence, this objective is attainable. Relevant With the increase of environmental issues development of electric and hybrid cars have become highly relevant. Timely The company will be able to develop electric cars within 1 year and launch it in the global market. Presently with the increase of environmental issues such as global worming preference of people about cars has changed. People start to like cars that cause less pollution such as electric cars and hybrid cars (Chevalier Mayzlin, 2012). Presently the company Ford is facing intense competition from companies like Toyota, GM and Honda. Hence, in order to attract more customers towards the company, Ford should try to increase product differentiation. The company must develop hybrid cars that will attract new segment of customers. Reference List Abdulsater, A., Balasubramanian, A., Wang, B., Madani, F., Mansour, M., Talla, R. (2014). Technology Road Map for Tesla Motors Sedan EV. Planning and Roadmapping Technological Innovations. Springer International Publishing. Bergek, A., Berggren, C., Magnusson, T., Hobday, M. (2013). Technological discontinuities and the challenge for incumbent firms: Destruction, disruption or creative accumulation?.Research Policy,42(6), pp.1210-1224. Bohnsack, R., Pinkse, J., Kolk, A. (2014). Business models for sustainable technologies: Exploring business model evolution in the case of electric vehicles.Research Policy,43(2), pp.284-300. Chevalier, J. A., Mayzlin, D. (2012). The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews.Journal of marketing research,43(3), pp.345-354. De Mooij, M. (2013).Global Marketing and Advertising: Understanding Cultural Paradoxes: Understanding Cultural Paradoxes. Sage Publications. Fleming, B. (2013). Electric Vehicle Collaboration-Toyota Motor Corporation and Tesla Motors [Automotive Electronics].Vehicular Technology Magazine, IEEE,8(1), 4-9. Hamel, G., Breen, B. (2013).The future of management. Harvard Business Press. Hardman, S., Shiu, E., Steinberger-Wilckens, R. (2015). Changing the fate of Fuel Cell Vehicles: Can lessons be learnt from Tesla Motors?.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,40(4), 1625-1638. Hawken, P., Lovins, A. B., Lovins, L. H. (2013).Natural capitalism: The next industrial revolution. Routledge. Hawkins, T. R., Gausen, O. M., Strmman, A. H. (2012). Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehiclesa review.The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,17(8), 997-1014. Khanna, T., Palepu, K. (2013).Winning in emerging markets: A road map for strategy and execution. Harvard Business Press. Propfe, B., Kreyenberg, D., Wind, J., Schmid, S. (2013). Market penetration analysis of electric vehicles in the German passenger car market towards 2030.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,38(13), pp.5201-5208. Sha, S., Huang, T., Gabardi, E. (2013). Upward mobility: The future of Chinas premium car market.McKinsey Automotive Assembly Practice. 4(4), pp.89-100.